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The Housing Market... Why the price-to-rent ratio is signaling more pain ahead?


By sachiv, Section Gurgaon Real Estate Property
Posted on Thu Aug 28, 2008 at 03:43:09 AM EST

Whether you`re investing in real estate, stocks, bonds, or gold coins, you are rewarded primarily for your exposure to one thing - risk. After all, markets are only risk transferring mechanism.

In the summer of 2007, I warned friends that if they were ``speculating`` in the current housing market, the time had come to cash in their chips and get out of the game. I listed a number of reasons, but the biggest one was that ordinarily sensible people were talking and acting as if highly-leveraged home purchases were ``risk-free`` transactions. After all, they kept telling me, ``real estate always goes up.`` I think this is pure BS. Real estate is as much a commodity as cement or steel (oops, it is that?) so the supply and demand will determine price. So real estate does not keep going up.

It doesn`t, of course. And now everybody knows it. Now !

Unfortunately there is no ``real estate index`` in India. There is no scientific measurement of real estate price movement - and the press is not credible enough in its reporting.

I would love to tell you that the worst is over. (After all, I own a home myself.) But the reality is we may be only in the beginning! Real estate has much further to fall and you should govern yourself accordingly. Here`s why?

Residential Housing Market

Last year was the most painful in decades for the residential housing market in the US of A. Home prices fell, home ownership dropped, foreclosures soared, and the housing market emerged as perhaps the weakest part of the entire U.S. economy.

But in Indian conditions housing prices maybe set to slide considerably further. Banks and mortgage lenders are raising their lending standards. That means credit will remain tight, boxing out many potential buyers. Interest rates on many mortgages are about to reset, increasing the pain on many borrowers and triggering more defaults. Home inventory is still growing and must be worked off before the market gains some kind of equilibrium.

My take on the Indian Housing market however, is a little different. When the rents do not go up as fast as housing prices, it creates panic in me.

An Accurate Gauge Of Home Value: Price-to-Rent Ratio

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An Accurate Gauge Of Home Value: Price-to-Rent Ratio
Economists feel the price-to-rent ratio is perhaps the most accurate gauge of fair home value. Most human beings are rational animals (assumption, sorry!):

If home prices get too high, many will choose to rent. If rents get too high, many will choose to buy.
Unfortunately, no detailed studies in India is available regarding the relationship between rents and base price of a house.

So let us go the US of A and see what a federal study on housing has to say. Here I quote from the study:

``The study tracks rents and home prices back to 1960 and found annual rents fluctuated at around 5% to 5.25% of home prices until 1995.
But starting in 1996 - the birth of the housing bubble - home prices soared much more rapidly than rents. In fact, by the end of 2006 they had more than doubled to an average of USD 282,000, while the average rent had risen 48% to USD 818. That drove the annual rent/price ratio down to 3.48%, a third below its long-term average.

The study concludes that to reach equilibrium, housing prices need to fall 3% a year for a decade, even if rents grow in line with their average 4% annual increase. (Of course, if home prices fall faster - and harder - equilibrium could be reached sooner.)``

How does this translate in Indian conditions?

The Current Housing Market Has Yet To Hit Bottom

In other words, we`re still a long way from the bottom of the current housing market. And there may be some further anecdotal evidence to prove it.

Most homebuilders know the score, of course. But friends who are out looking for homes right now tell me that many sellers remain deluded.

I find the lack of good proper information in the real estate market a big killer of liquidity. If real estate could be listed like equity shares you would know the price of your house (you may not want to buy or sell). Now you are completely at the mercy of a few ``informed`` people in the business. And you can only guess whether they are lying or just hoping. I have met mid level employees holding on to a living house, a second house and an investment house - hugely leveraged. These would be the first guys to get lynched. Of course when you believe your area sells for Rs 7,000 psf and your neighbour sells for Rs 4,800 psf, you get into denial mode. Like my friend Prakash Natrajan says ``My house has a green window, so it will fetch 7000 unlike my neighbor who had a red window`` is Denial mode!

No one has a crystal ball, of course. Even the experts on TV only have a teleprompter?

Source:Myris.com August28th,2008.

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Will India mirror the US housing woes (none / 0) (#1)
by saratdayal on Thu Aug 28, 2008 at 06:03:02 AM EST

"I find the lack of good proper information in the real estate market a big killer of liquidity. If real estate could be listed like equity shares you would know the price of your house (you may not want to buy or sell)."

You hit the nail on the head. Since the Indian real estate market offers no transparency of historical sale prices and other empirical data - unlike the US Multiple Listing Service and County records of actual sale prices - the Indian market is not quite as self-governing and efficient, as equity markets or even the classic bazaar and haat are.

While most real estate gurus, whether economists or builders or even realtors, now agree that the market has entered a price correction mode, there are STILL NO DEALS TO BE FOUND IN THE MARKET. I know. I tried very hard on my last trip and ended up being turned down by the sellers. I did get a good deal in June 08 but at a price comparable to December, 07. Whoopee! So there was no increase, but where was the bargain?

Are the sellers and brokers delusional, as you pointed out, or they are indeed making deals close to their pre-correction lofty pricing and, hence, in no mood to dicker? And if they are merely delusional, they must have the holding power, which is hard to believe when most sellers are over-leveraged and that, too, at high interest rates. Additionally, why are the big builders, who are now reporting down quarters and even scarcity of material, launching projects at prices higher than 6 months to a year ago? Where is the correction?

I have a question for the experts. Just as there is a rent-price correlation study that you quoted, do you know of a supply-demand correlation and how disproportionate is it in India vs. the US? I know for a fact that in the US, supply is infused into the market well ahead of the demand, primarily because of investment urgency and other considerations. There are huge housing developments being built right now, while the market is in a tailspin. So there is always too much inventory chasing too few customers in the US, whether it's real estate or fast food or consumer durables or entertainment.

I ask you - is there really too much inventory in the Indian market RELATIVE to the demand? Is there a study that compares supply vs. real demand in the two markets, and how similar are the two countries? Finally, is it even possible to calculate real demand in India? These are the questions I have for the experts.


SDayal
[ Reply to This | ]


There is no inventory at the right price (none / 0) (#3)
by PS on Sat Aug 30, 2008 at 07:43:41 AM EST

I invest/trade in real estate in Delhi (not often in Gurgaon/Noida etc.) on regular basis.

what I find is that there are too many buyers in Delhi who can afford home of about 25-35 lacs only, that to with home loans. They are typical working couples or small business owners with 1 or 2 kids, so they are looking for a home/flat with at least 2 bedrooms and 1 living room. But in Delhi even a 1BR CGHS flat in areas like Paschim Vihar, Rohini, Janak Puri etc. costs upwards of 30 lacs. 2BR flast are worth 40 lacs or more and a 150 sq yards floor with 3-4 bedrooms is worth 1.20 crores. So, genuine end user with no/little black money is unable to afford a home in Delhi as on today. I guess conditions are the same in Gurgaon now a days.

Demand-supply still exists but the problem is that the demand is at a price (25-35 lacs) where there is no supply in Delhi.

The inventory that is coming up in Gurgaon or in Delhi consists of properties costing 65 lacs and more. Not many middle class Indians can afford to pay that kind of money.

To attain a equilibrium between demand and supply:

1. The buying power of middle-class Indians has to skyrocket and it is looking highly unlikely for next few years because of high inflation and slowing GDP growth.

or

2. The price of supply needs to correct drastically.

It is anybody's guess about what will happen in next 6-12 months.



[ Parent | Reply to This | ]



My experience mirrors your comments (none / 0) (#2)
by OompaLoompa on Thu Aug 28, 2008 at 09:43:34 AM EST

Couple months ago I posted a similar kind of post. In spite of everything , I haven't seen a correction. In fact I sold on of my flats at a higher price this year. Even though logically everything tells me a crash is impending , i haven't seen it coming.
Not sure who blinks first? The Sellers and the Buyers?
I don't see astronomical price gains , but more likely we will stall for couple years and then start on a price increase more in line with economic performance.



[ Parent | Reply to This | ]




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